5 Simple Statements About KGW Crystal Explained
5 Simple Statements About KGW Crystal Explained
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Prior operate confirmed that the twin-crystal configuration can be utilized to compensate for your thermal lensing outcome[
The thermal conductivity of frequent double tungstates is with the purchase to three–4 W/(K m) �?which isn't terrible when compared with other laser crystals (although many occasions under for YAG), and fairly big when compared With all the thermal conductivity of typical glasses.
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The crimson-shifted Element of the SC is of realistic relevance, especially for what fears the effectiveness of broadly tunable optical parametric amplifiers pumped by the basic harmonics of Yb lasers. The lack of seed photons inside the lengthy-wavelength location on the SC spectrum restrictions the amplification efficiency and ends in pulse-to-pulse energy fluctuations round the degeneracy area from the optical parametric amplifier. This aspect is quantified in Fig. 6a by plotting the SC spectra with regard to spectral energy density, which was believed by measuring the Vitality on the axial Element of SC radiation (which happens to be the only pretty much beneficial Section of SC emission). KGW crystal provides the highest spectral Electrical power density while in the 1200�?450 nm selection, as pointed out inside a latest study30.
], but it could increase way more Price tag to this ingredient. The intra-cavity spectral attain curve may very well be modulated by inserting an etalon that cuts down the actual gain for the wavelength with the utmost achieve variable[
Amplified pulses by having an Vitality over 2.five mJ may be envisioned by making use of a higher pump power on the regenerative amplifier and rendering it perform at the saturation level. The laser fluence of ~one J/cm2 within the dichroic mirrors is considered for being below the problems threshold of substantial-excellent dielectric-coated mirrors.
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At last, we investigated the prolonged-expression performances of SC technology in crystal samples underneath optimal pumping problems at larger laser repetition charges. In doing so, the crystal samples weren't translated and retained inside a stationary posture with respect for the pump beam over the total measurement. The examples illustrating sturdy prolonged-phrase performances of SC generation in KGW and YAG crystals at substantial laser repetition rates can be uncovered somewhere else. Extra precisely, secure functionality of KGW crystal at 2 MHz pulse repetition amount under really identical pump beam concentrating geometry was reported recently30, Whilst YAG crystal demonstrated secure general performance for quite a few several hours at two hundred check here kHz pulse repetition level Despite really limited concentrating in the pump beam (NA=0.085)32. The extensive-time period overall performance checks in LSO, LYSO and YSO discovered gradual narrowing in the SC spectra about the very long-wavelength facet that happened following a particular publicity time and could be attributed to the optical degradation of such elements. As an illustration, in LSO, the onset of spectral narrowing was noticed just after (sim 20) minutes at a laser repetition amount of ten kHz, although at a laser repetition level of 20 kHz, steady SC era overall performance was observed just for roughly two min.
Although BGO and LT created the narrowest SC spectra (somewhat less than one.five optical octaves), they could be seen as very attractive nonlinear components for broadband SC technology with pumping at more time laser wavelengths. Owing to its huge nonlinearity, BGO exhibited the lowest SC generation threshold (78 nJ) Amongst the investigated supplies, that's twenty five % decrease than in KGW and will be considered as excellent nonlinear content for very minimal-threshold SC generation. The noticed secure and durable damage-no cost functionality of BGO and GGG at 200 kHz pulse repetition amount suggests that these nonlinear components have a potential for SC era at even larger, MHz, repetition premiums. Also, these components give SC radiation with a wonderful set of parameters that happen to be essential for purposes in significant pace spectroscopy and imaging that make use of bulk-created SC, see e.g.17,eighteen,19,twenty.
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